CONTACTS 
0201 - Bootstrap Institute
020101 - Mr. Douglas C. Engelbart, Ph.D.
0202 - Stanford University
020201 - Mr. Terry Winograd, PhD; Professor

SUBJECTS
Cognitive Science Ignorant Meaning Drift Information Overload Not So
Chronology Connects Stories History Define Knowledge Knowledge Cause
Cognitive Science Feared Object Lack Experience Lack Credibility Qua
Dilemma Industry Doesn't Know How to Design KM
POIMS Too Many Buzz Words Information Overload
Acquisition Innate Grammer Capability, Chompsky, 960324
Chompsky Grammer Innate Genetic Mental Capacity Reviewed with Landau

3509 -
3509 -    ..
3510 - Summary/Objective
3511 -
351101 - Follow up ref SDS 94 0000, ref SDS 92 0000.
351102 -
351103 - Terry proposes Wednesday 011219 1000 for a meeting and provides
351104 - directions.  Terry's work shows consideration of cognitive science and
351105 - communication in relation to technology, which may provide basis for
351106 - fruitful meeting. ref SDS 0 QJ5N  Terry reports POIMS is difficult to
351107 - read due to information overload, buzz words and abstractions.
351108 - ref SDS 0 OF6F  In a second letter he got lost in links trying to
351109 - following the record explaining SDS advantages for education.
351110 - ref SDS 0 U14W  Possibly combining conversation with the record will
351111 - help clarify things.  Terry indicates that SDS seems like NLS, and
351112 - asks for Doug to comment. ref SDS 0 6P4M  The SDS format of line
351113 - numbers and links is maddening, causing information overload. Explain
351114 - that experience with a new way of working may overcome this initial
351115 - concern. ref SDS 0 623O  Terry raises questions about confidentiality,
351116 - retrieving the record, and the challenge of designing an environment
351117 - that balances benefits of structure with desire to work in the moment
351118 - that eschews structure. ref SDS 0 UT4I  He would like a better
351119 - interface for SDS. ref SDS 0 OS4M  Since these are all interesting
351120 - matters, offered to proceed with the meeting.
351121 -
351122 -    [On 011214 letter to Terry proposes focus meeting on SDS support
351123 -    for education. ref SDS 97 0001
351125 -     ..
351126 -    [On 011216 Terry agrees to focus on education. ref SDS 98 0001
351128 -     ..
351129 -    [On 011222 Gary Johnson cites Terry's work independently as
351130 -    correlating with Com Metrics. ref SDS A0 VJ5J
351131 -
351132 -
351133 -
351134 -
351136 -  ..
3512 -
3513 -
3514 - Progress
351501 -  ..
351502 - Meeting Scheduled to Review SDS and POIMS for Education
351503 -
351504 - Received ref DRT 1 0001 from Terry responding to the letter sent on
351505 - 011210, ref DIP 4 0001 requesting he schedule a meeting next week
351506 - between Wed - Friday. ref SDS 92 754K
351507 -
351508 - Terry proposes next Wednesday, 011219, which hopefully will be okay if
351509 - jury duty does not materialize on Monday.
351510 -
351512 -      ..
351513 -     POIMS Has Too Many Buzz Words, Too Abstract, Information Overload
351514 -
351515 -
351516 - Terry further notes....
351517 -
351518 -     ....POIMS pretty impenetrable. It has lots of good-sounding
351519 -     high-level buzz words, but he got almost no sense of how POIMS
351520 -     differs from the wide variety office productivity tools that have
351521 -     been promoted with less abstraction.
351522 -
351523 -         On 010425 Morris said the Typical Day Scenario sounds like
351524 -         Microsoft promotion copy. ref SDS 59 PJ4M
351526 -          ..
351527 -         Would be interesting for Terry to submit a few examples of
351528 -         office productivity tools he relates to buzz words in POIMS,
351529 -         or that have work product that enable KM 24 7 by anybody on
351530 -         anything, like SDS.
351532 -  ..
351533 - Terry continues...
351534 -
351535 -     It strikes me as a good example of information overload!  Is POIMs
351536 -     connected to any specific implementation proposals or is it an
351537 -     abstract conceptual framework for describing how lots of pieces
351538 -     might fit together? ref DRT 1 K46J
351539 -
351540 -         Comment on this issue in the letter, per below. ref SDS 0 XU7M
351542 -  ..
3516 -
3517 -
3518 - 1424
3519 -
351901 - Submitted ref DIT 1 0001 to Terry responding to his letter, per above
351902 - and explaining....
351903 -
351904 -     1.  A meeting on Wed at 1000 would be good, if that is okay.  That
351905 -         time works well to minimize traffic issues.
351907 -          ..
351908 -     2.  Need address and any special directions. I know my way around
351909 -         a little on campus, but directions are helpful.
351910 -
351911 -            [...below, Terry agrees to 1000 and submits directions.
351912 -            ref SDS 0 6Z4O
351914 -          ..
351915 -     3.  Assume Terry reviewed POIMS, ref DIT 1 ZG6G, noting
351916 -         "high-level" buzz words and abstraction, ref OF 2 0001, in his
351917 -         letter today. ref SDS 0 OF6F
351918 -         ..
351919 -     4.  Doug commended SDS on 011210, ref SDS 92 4I7J, because
351920 -         SDS enables a new way of working, which Doug has been trying
351921 -         to develop the past 50 years, as shown in the record on
351922 -         991222, ref SDS 27 3696  Doug and his group, working through
351923 -         SRI, ref DIT 1 EH6O, have experienced a new way of working
351924 -         with SDS the past two years, as reported on 001017,
351925 -         ref SDS 47 3995, and have found is more helpful than the way
351926 -         they have been working, as explained recently on 011003.
351927 -         ref SDS 75 PS7I
351928 -         ..
351929 -     5.  POIMS tries to explain experience from using SDS every
351930 -         day for the past 20 years that is different from using other
351931 -         methods.  The new way of working with SDS enhances literacy,
351932 -         and particularly alphabet technology. ref OF 2 3742  Some
351933 -         people who have seen SDS work product feel it is useful,
351934 -         ref DIT 1 IH7K, as reported on 010907, ref SDS 68 KX3L, others
351935 -         feel it is information overload, as Terry comments in his
351936 -         letter today. ref SDS 0 OF6F
351937 -
351938 -             For example on 890324 a VP for an engineering firm found
351939 -             that SDS work product is gold plated and overkill.
351940 -             ref SDS 1 LZ5F
351942 -              ..
351943 -             Later on 950204 a high-tech VP in the valley, also, found
351944 -             SDS is overkill. ref SDS 13 5932
351946 -              ..
351947 -             On 990211 a project manager felt he had been "twice
351948 -             around the world" looking at SDS records on the Internet.
351949 -             ref SDS 22 3780
351951 -          ..
351952 -     6.  The letter on 011210 to Terry has a reference to Professor Joe
351953 -         Ransdell commenting on 000716 that SDS is a major advance on
351954 -         management theory, ref DIT 1 IH7K, because it advances
351955 -         communication. ref SDS 39 7838
351956 -
351957 -             Terry does not discuss Randell's comments.
351959 -          ..
351960 -     7.  Not everyone agrees, and on any given day new ideas strike
351961 -         people differently. ref DIT 1 MJ8K
351963 -          ..
351964 -     8.  Would love to discuss the opportunity for improving education
351965 -         using SDS, ref DIT 1 BK8O, as shown in the record on 010614.
351966 -         ref SDS 65 HD6O
351967 -
351968 -             Terry explains below that this section was not too messed
351969 -             up to follow, causing information overload. ref SDS 0 U14W
351971 -          ..
351972 -     9.  Please let me know if you feel this could be a productive
351973 -         meeting, and if not, we can defer.  From my discussion with
351974 -         Doug, your work sounds very interesting, but I know this is a
351975 -         busy time of year, and I don't want to take up your time
351976 -         unnecessarily.
351977 -
351978 -             Terry is willing to proceed based on his remarks below,
351979 -             ref DRT 2 013R, which sound helpful.
351981 -          ..
351982 -         If you want to meet, can you provide a reference for
351983 -         background on your work. ref DIT 1 FL9K
351984 -
351985 -
351986 -
351987 -
351988 -
3520 -

SUBJECTS
Directions to Terry's Office

3703 -
3704 - 1643
370501 -  ..
370502 - Received ref DRT 2 0001 from Terry saying....
370503 -
370505 -          ..
370506 -         Directions for Terry's Office at Stanford
370507 -
370508 -
370509 -     1.  A meeting on Wed at 1000 is fine, and provides
370510 -         directions at...
370511 -
370512 -              http://hci.stanford.edu/winograd/office.html
370514 -          ..
370515 -         Terry is willing to meet if I feel his letter looks like this
370516 -         could be productive. ref DRT 2 013R
370517 -
370518 -            Terry's analysis of SDS and work product shows background
370519 -            and experience for discussing objective of developing
370520 -            co-evolution in education for a culture of knowledge, per
370521 -            below. ref SDS 0 6V4G
370523 -         ..
370524 -        [On 011214 letter to Terry confirms meeting based on his
370525 -        letter. ref SDS 97 0001
370526 -
370527 -
370528 -
370529 -
3706 -

SUBJECTS
Augment NLS History, Lee Iverson Attribution for NODAL, CDR
NLS Similar to SDS, Terry Winograd at Stanford
Augment Doug Engelbart's Tools at SRI in 1960s
Augment Linking Mouse Clicks Enhance Productivity Implemented by OHS,
Augment Improved by SDS and Java, Jack Park's OHS on 010329
SDS Similar to NLS Developed by Doug Engelbart at SRI in 60s

4608 -
460901 -          ..
460902 -         Augment NLS Features Developed by Engelbart Supported by SDS
460903 -
460904 -
460905 -     2.  Terry quotes from the letter earlier today, ref DIT 1 EH6O,
460906 -         per above, ref SDS 0 Y25N, and observes...
460907 -
460908 -         Browsing a bit more through SDS entries it seems very much
460909 -         like the original NLS system, with hyperlinked outline-
460910 -         structured entries used for a wide variety of purposes.  So
460911 -         I'd be interested in what Doug sees as the differences.
460912 -         ref DRT 2 TI7N
460914 -                ..
460915 -               [On 011219 Terry has not worked with NLS; he saw a
460916 -               demonstration in 1968, and worked at Xerox Park in the
460917 -               70s when some of Doug's team and technology was acquired
460918 -               by Xerox. ref SDS 99 Y48J
460920 -                ..
460921 -               [On 020128 Doug reported that Augment NLS software he
460922 -               and his team at SRI developed in the 1960s did not have
460923 -               a system of granular indexing for creating and managing
460924 -               organic structure to manage context the way SDS does.
460925 -               ref SDS A2 IK96
460927 -              ..
460928 -             This is a good point and quite a compliment to be compared
460929 -             with Doug's work.  On 001027 Doug was complimentary about
460930 -             SDS in a phone call, and earlier on 991222 Doug asked
460931 -             about SDS and Com Metrics. ref SDS 49 0837  Since I have
460932 -             never seen NLS, it would be helpful to get some work
460933 -             product and comments from Doug on SDS and NLS, as Terry
460934 -             notes.
460936 -                ..
460937 -               [On 080108 Jack Park recalls similarities in editing
460938 -               features between SDS and Augment NLS. ref SDS A3 OG9G
460940 -              ..
460941 -             On 010620 a history on NLS was submitted, ref SDS 66 TT4I,
460942 -             by Lee Iverson, which explained Doug developed a connected
460943 -             environment that aided collaboration; however, email
460944 -             became the dominate technology, ref OF 1 035N, because it
460945 -             is fast and easy.  Twenty (20) years experience shows that
460946 -             email being fast and easy is an illusion, seen by events
460947 -             on 010911, due to social factors cited by Jack Park on
460948 -             010908. ref SDS 69 0001  On 991001 problems at NASA cost
460949 -             $125M traceable to email, ref SDS 24 3077, help people see
460950 -             that the long way around is the short way there.  This,
460951 -             requires eternal vigiligene from culture that teachs how
460952 -             to invest intelligence in the same way we teach people
460953 -             about "investing" in farming, banking and education to
460954 -             learn alphabet technology, which enable benefits of
460955 -             deferred rewards endemic to religion, as explained in NWO.
460956 -             ref OF 3 4723
460958 -              ..
460959 -             New realities require a change, a new way of working like
460960 -             NLS and maybe SDS that previously didn't seem necessary to
460961 -             get by.
460963 -              ..
460964 -             On 000824 Eric Armstrong objected that the architecture
460965 -             Doug was proposing for the current OHS/DKR project was
460966 -             like SDS. ref SDS 40 PU5N
460968 -              ..
460969 -             On 000622 Augment NLS was reviewed by Eric during a
460970 -             meeting at SRI. ref SDS 34 9626
460972 -              ..
460973 -             That is everything in the record on NLS, so clarification
460974 -             by Doug would be helpful.
460975 -
460976 -
460977 -
460978 -
460979 -
460980 -
460981 -
460982 -
4610 -

SUBJECTS
Line Numbers Look Complex, Shocking to see Knowledge Space
Boggles Mind Avoided SDS People Get Used to Complexity Connected Envi
Line Numbers Create "Knowledge Space" Organization
Human Computer Interaction
Usability Engineering
User Centered Design
Anthropological Analysis, Discover What User's Need Before They Reali
HCI Human Computer Interface Main Focus of Computer Science at Stanfo

5610 -
561101 -          ..
561102 -         HCI Requirements Need Review for SDS Application
561103 -         SDS Format Maddening, Object to Line Numbers, Link Format
561104 -
561105 -
561106 - Terry comments on SDS record format....
561107 -
561108 -     3.  From an HCI point of view I find it maddening. The screen is
561109 -         littered with non-informative numbers and cryptic link names.
561110 -         Those are great for internal identifiers but there is no
561111 -         reason the user should have them as distractions all the time.
561112 -         You can either have informative anchor text, or just a simple
561113 -         link symbol. ref DRT 2 M88K
561114 -
561115 -             "HCI" is shown on Terry's bio page at Stanford....
561116 -
561117 -                 http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/
561118 -
561119 -             ...referring to:  Human Computer Interaction, which has an
561120 -             explanation at....
561121 -
561122 -                 http://hci.stanford.edu/
561123 -
561124 -             ....that is linked to philosophy of software design at....
561125 -
561126 -                 http://hci.stanford.edu/hci.html
561128 -              ..
561129 -             Explanation at this location sounds something like...
561130 -
561131 -                Empathic design.................940508, ref SDS 6 6930
561132 -                Human Centered Design.......... 940510, ref SDS 7 3850
561133 -                Learning Incrementally......... 940527, ref SDS 8 0672
561134 -                User Centered Engineering...... 950710, ref SDS 15 6403
561135 -
561136 -             ...as further shown below reviewing Terry's background
561137 -             which shows a lot of common ground with SDS and Com
561138 -             Metrics. ref SDS 0 QJ5N
561139 -
561140 -                [On 020107 MIT's computer science lab seems to have
561141 -                goals similar to HCI. ref SDS A1 HN5O
561143 -              ..
561144 -             Complaint about "cryptic link names" is not supported in
561145 -             Terry's letter with reference to studies showing that
561146 -             productivity can be improved using other methods.  Terry
561147 -             ignores the record showing alternatives cause too many
561148 -             people to have too many problems, reported on 001207.
561149 -             ref SDS 55 V54M
561151 -              ..
561152 -             SDS enables a new way to work by thinking through writing
561153 -             that adds intelligence to information, explained in POIMS,
561154 -             ref OF 2 3742, which has varying impact on people, when
561155 -             encountered for the first time.
561157 -              ..
561158 -             A connected environment is at first troubling because the
561159 -             human mind suppresses complexity through summary in the
561160 -             conscious span of attention.  SDS is not designed for
561161 -             first impressions, but rather to leverage intelligence so
561162 -             that precipitous action does not cause endless bumbling
561163 -             and "second-guessing," which is even more maddening, see
561164 -             ref OF 3 4711, noted by Henry Kissinger in his book
561165 -             "Diplomacy" reviewed on 940609. ref SDS 10 4238  Better
561166 -             work requires managing complexity, but, when first seen,
561167 -             complexity of human thinking is shocking, as Terry reports
561168 -             today.  This aligns with experience of Prometheus, who
561169 -             angered people because the power of alphabet technology is
561170 -             maddening until we learn to use the gift of knowledge.
561171 -             ref SDS 26 5368  After gaining experience, people quickly
561172 -             take advantage of additional power SDS yields, because
561173 -             integrating time and information is essential to meet new
561174 -             realities of a new world order, as reported on 000208.
561175 -             ref SDS 30 2940
561177 -              ..
561178 -             Most everyone asks about line numbers, as Terry points
561179 -             out.  An example is the meeting at USACE on 961015 with
561180 -             Tom Benero, the Contracting Officer, and Jim Stout, Chief
561181 -             Trial counsel for the San Francisco District. ref SDS 19
561182 -             7950
561184 -              ..
561185 -             Similarly, on 940901 a manager for a big project sponsored
561186 -             by the California Department of Water Resources (CDWR)
561187 -             asked about line numbers in SDS. ref SDS 11 9009
561189 -              ..
561190 -             Ordinary text is shocking until people learn the rules for
561191 -             interpreting alphabet technology.  The purpose of meeting
561192 -             with Terry is to discuss improving education so that a new
561193 -             way of working in Knowledge Space, explained in POIMS,
561194 -             ref OF 2 034J, is familiar to more people for improving
561195 -             traditional literacy, per the letter on 011210.
561196 -             ref SDS 92 L67M  We also want to introduce a new work role
561197 -             that relieves some of the burden people feel from complex
561198 -             communication details that are overwhelming to a busy
561199 -             mind, explained below. ref SDS 0 6T8M
561200 -
561201 -                [...below, affirm purpose of meeting is to review SDS
561202 -                advantages for improving education through continual
561203 -                learning. ref SDS 0 6V4G
561205 -                 ..
561206 -                [On 011216 Terry describes SDS records as "mini-essays"
561207 -                linked into chronologies of cause and effect.
561208 -                ref SDS 98 0001
561210 -              ..
561211 -             Line numbers are extremely helpful for advancing from
561212 -             information to a culture of knowledge, for reasons
561213 -             presented on 890523, ref SDS 2 T1VQ, even though at first
561214 -             blush they appear awkward and unnecessary.
561215 -
561216 -                a.  A few weeks after the meeting with USACE, on 961101
561217 -                    they reported SDS was more helpful than expected.
561218 -                    ref SDS 20 8888
561220 -                     ..
561221 -                    On 970327 USACE published a report on advantages of
561222 -                    SDS and Com Metrics that seem at first to be
561223 -                    overkill. ref DRP 4 6172
561225 -                     ..
561226 -                b.  CDWR commended use of SDS in a meeting on 941208.
561227 -                    ref SDS 12 1183
561229 -                     ..
561230 -                    On 941230 PG&E concurred. ref DRP 3 0001
561231 -
561232 -
561233 -
561234 -
5613 -

SUBJECTS
SDS Features Security, Privacy
Binary Forces Tension Knowledge v. Confidentiality

6104 -
610501 -          ..
610502 -         Confidentiality, Secrecy, Privacy Supported by SDS
610503 -
610504 -
610505 - Terry continues....
610506 -
610507 -     4.  It isn't clear what if any access control SDS has. Terry read
610508 -         about various meetings with Pat Lincoln, responses to business
610509 -         plans, etc.  Presumably anyone on the web could as well.  I
610510 -         know that the original NLS took the attitude that it was for
610511 -         internal use in a mutually-trusting group who wanted openness
610512 -         and didn't care to hide things. Is that the same? ref DRT 2
610513 -         H69I
610514 -
610515 -             SDS has several ways for avoiding publication of sensitive
610516 -             information, and suppressing portions of a record.
610518 -              ..
610519 -             There are many methods for providing controlled access
610520 -             with passwords, firewalls and so forth.  This type of
610521 -             access control has not been needed so far with SDS, but it
610522 -             is assumed it would be for some applications, as Terry
610523 -             points out.
610525 -              ..
610526 -             There are many records working with Pat Lincoln at SRI,
610527 -             but none of them fit the mold of requiring password
610528 -             protection.  Never-the-less it seems likely that that this
610529 -             issue plays into concerns about accountability that
610530 -             restrain enthusiasm for SDS at the top levels of an
610531 -             organization.
610533 -              ..
610534 -             SDS strives for balance between binary forces of knowledge
610535 -             and confidentiality.  The biggest danger to security is
610536 -             people not remembering and remembering clearly, but
610537 -             incorrectly, resulting in harmful actions. Therefore,
610538 -             timely, uniform communication of a common story connected
610539 -             to context of cause and effect is often more important to
610540 -             earnings than if people get access to secret information,
610541 -             as explained in POIMS. ref OF 2 V8P1  If information falls
610542 -             into the wrong hands, those hands still have a hurdle to
610543 -             use it effectively.  Chances of bumbling are very high, if
610544 -             people are paying attention to intelligence from others,
610545 -             rather than creating their own.  The time it takes for
610546 -             people to explore SDS, who are not familiar with context,
610547 -             generally prevents effective spying.
610549 -              ..
610550 -             Second, most SDS records can be created to provide useful
610551 -             information without disclosing secrets and confidences.
610553 -              ..
610554 -             That said, security in certain situations is essential,
610555 -             and so measures are needed to meet this requirement.
610556 -
610557 -
610558 -
610559 -
610560 -
610561 -
610562 -
6106 -

SUBJECTS
Search Organizational Memory Who, What, When, Where, Why, How, How Mu
Retrieval, instant, Multiple Paths
Search Drilling into Microcosm Details Improved by SDS
Retrieval Fast, Many Strategies

6906 -
690701 -          ..
690702 -         Records Are Indexed on the Web, Better Access by SDS
690703 -
690704 -
690705 - Terry notes...
690706 -
690707 -         The web version, at least, didn't make any search tools
690708 -         available.  I assume that there are other interfaces that
690709 -         provide more in that direction. ref DRT 2 U64F
690710 -
690711 -             Terry is correct that SDS provides a powerful environment
690712 -             for accessing the record in different ways according to
690713 -             context, which are not available on the web.  Many people
690714 -             are frustrated by limitations of retrieving what they
690715 -             need, when it is needed.  SDS seems to work pretty well,
690716 -             as reported in another record today. ref SDS 95 GV6F
690717 -             ..
690718 -             The SDS record is indexed on the web by many search
690719 -             engines, so people regularly bump into records looking for
690720 -             information on management, KM, technology, fixing the
690721 -             computer, reviewing a book, TV program, medical stuff, or
690722 -             anything else that is out there, as listed in the record
690723 -             on 010907. ref SDS 68 KX3L
690725 -              ..
690726 -             The meeting with Pat Lincoln on 010517 showed SDS supports
690727 -             "scalable knowledge" in some degree, ref SDS 61 4Q5I, and
690728 -             listed ways to get SDS records on particular subjects, for
690729 -             example, improving alphabet technology. ref SDS 61 VU5N
690730 -
690731 -
690732 -
690733 -
6908 -

SUBJECTS
Flexible Subject Classification
Flexible Structure Natural Organization for Creating Managing Context
Flexible Structure Context Improves Understanding by Integrating Time

7405 -
740601 -          ..
740602 -         Flexible Structure Proven Effective for SDS
740603 -
740604 -
740605 - Terry observes further....
740606 -
740607 -         From a number of the comments you have received, SDS appears
740608 -         to fall into the problem that a great many systems do when
740609 -         they try to get people to perform explicit recording and
740610 -         linking so that later information access will be enhanced.
740611 -         ref DRT 2 00WT
740612 -
740613 -             Terry may be discussing "formalization" considered on
740614 -             011006 reviewing a paper by Shipman, et al, ref SDS 77
740615 -             RN6F  This is an issue, but would be helpful for Terry to
740616 -             cite comments that caused him to make the association with
740617 -             SDS, so that response can reflect the specific context he
740618 -             encountered, and also address the general matter.
740620 -              ..
740621 -             SDS tries to balance flexibility and structure by
740622 -             providing "flexible structure" indicated by this record.
740624 -              ..
740625 -             There is flexibility to enter information the way people
740626 -             want, and a minimum structure is applied automatically
740627 -             that creates an organized environment for improving the
740628 -             way people work, as reported on 000709. ref SDS 38 0052
740629 -             More recently on 010425 SDS use cases are a "utopia"
740630 -             compared to the way people are working. ref SDS 59 EP7F
740631 -             On 010916 SDS was seen by an AI engineer working on Doug's
740632 -             OHS/DKR project as "amazing" memory with mechanisms that
740633 -             obviously work. ref SDS 72 0001
740635 -              ..
740636 -             Actually, problems, caused by information not being
740637 -             organized for managing context, are so vast that the base
740638 -             line minimal organization of SDS makes a big difference in
740639 -             productivity and earnings, as explained on 011006.
740640 -             ref SDS 78 MO6F
740642 -              ..
740643 -             SDS, also, enables specialized structure people can add
740644 -             with a range of effort from none, to some, to a lot,
740645 -             including adding subjects for record segments, headings to
740646 -             summarize meaning, and action items.
740647 -
740648 -                 [On 011213 need for AI support was cited. ref SDS 96
740649 -                 YB4G
740651 -              ..
740652 -             There is also a range of accounting criteria people can
740653 -             use that makes the SDS record like an electronic time card
740654 -             for accounting, payroll and billing.
740656 -              ..
740657 -             On 001219 steps filling out an SDS record may address
740658 -             Terry's point further. ref SDS 56 FO5M
740660 -              ..
740661 -             None of this is seen by the rendering on the web, which is
740662 -             designed to display a common story that builds and
740663 -             maintains shared meaning, essential for collaboration.
740664 -
740665 -
740666 -
740667 -
740668 -
740669 -
740670 -
740671 -
7407 -

SUBJECTS
Engine AI Thinks Opinions Cause Effect Knowledge Intelligence Improve
Structure Creativity SDS Combines Wordprocessing Narrative with Sprea
Formalization Ontology Organization Structure Subjects
Computer Aided Thinking Multiple Views Summarize Complexity Links Ena
Organization Flexible Structure for Creating Managing Context
Little Intelligence Leverages Listening Shared Meaning Increases Prod

9208 -
920901 -          ..
920902 -         Little Intelligence Goes Long Way to Improve Productivity
920903 -         Benefits of Intelligence Drive Willingness to Invest Time
920904 -         Formalization Engine Not as Helpful as it Sounds
920905 -
920906 -
920907 - Terry continues...
920908 -
920909 -         As with things like design rationale, few people are willing
920910 -         to take the time to do this unless it is so automatic as to be
920911 -         invisible.  A few people (either because they love the system
920912 -         or have certain personalities) will be compulsive about making
920913 -         sure things are properly entered, but since they are in the
920914 -         minority, the overall web of entries can't be trusted to be
920915 -         complete, up to date, etc. ref DRT 2 U049
920916 -
920917 -             The same article by Shipman, et al, mentioned above, also,
920918 -             discusses automated "formalization, reviewed on 011006.
920919 -             ref SDS 77 T17F
920920 -             ..
920921 -             Automatic structure is part of the goal in AI work,
920922 -             as proposed, for example, by Jack Park in a letter calling
920923 -             for an "engine" on 000623. ref SDS 35 2915 Topic maps,
920924 -             groves engines, etc., aim for this solution.
920926 -              ..
920927 -             Mediator agents were discussed in an article on work at
920928 -             Stanford reviewed on 940603. ref SDS 9 8J6J
920929 -             ..
920930 -             Making structure fully automatic is problematic for
920931 -             the reasons in POIMS. ref OF 2 525M  Even if possible,
920932 -             fully automatic subject management would limit awareness
920933 -             of structure, context and correlations that enable better
920934 -             productivity through better understanding and creativity.
920935 -             ..
920936 -             SDS strives for a balance between automatic and
920937 -             computer aided thinking.
920939 -              ..
920940 -             Apart from personality, a factor for adding intelligence
920941 -             to information is speed, ease of doing it and utility,
920942 -             where this covers enjoyment, like playing a piano,
920943 -             explained on 011004, ref SDS 44 6N9G, and added power of
920944 -             deferred rewards, explained on 011006 reviewing Shipman et
920945 -             al, ref SDS 77 LS7F  When people discover that adding
920946 -             structure is very helpful in keeping a high paying job, or
920947 -             avoiding mistakes that otherwise cause productivity,
920948 -             earnings and stock prices to fall, this increases the pool
920949 -             of people willing to try.
920950 -             ..
920951 -             If there is a professional role paid for adding
920952 -             alignment to communication the way accountants are paid to
920953 -             add alignment to finances, and the way lawyers are paid
920954 -             for adding alignment to adjudication, and engineers are
920955 -             paid to add alignment to dimensional space, then this may
920956 -             further increase the pool of people who will organize
920957 -             knowledge space, so that the accountant, the lawyer, the
920958 -             engineer, and everyone can do a better job, as explained
920959 -             in POIMS. ref OF 2 034J
920960 -             ..
920961 -             Good news is that a little intelligence goes a long
920962 -             way to improve productivity, earnings and stock prices, as
920963 -             reported on 011006. ref SDS 78 EL5F  Therefore, adding
920964 -             some organization and alignment, and incrementally adding
920965 -             more as needed, has proven to be effective, as noted in
920966 -             the record on 001219 explaining steps for using SDS.
920967 -             ref SDS 56 OW6M
920969 -              ..
920970 -             Enlightenment about this opportunity requires education
920971 -             and leadership, so people have skills and faith to
920972 -             transition from information to a culture of knowledge, per
920973 -             below. ref SDS 0 6V9F
920975 -  ..
920976 - Terry continues...
920977 -
920978 -         The typical way around this is to drop the structuring and let
920979 -         people have open-ended search capabilities through documents
920980 -         produced naturally (email to people both in and out of the
920981 -         systems, documents to be printed, etc.) so that if information
920982 -         has made it through a keyboard in any form it can be found,
920983 -         even if it is not properly linked.  Does SDS integrate with
920984 -         these other forms? ref DRT 2 0086
920985 -
920986 -             Not quite sure what Terry means by integrate, but think
920987 -             this issue may be discussed above. ref SDS 0 V13I
920988 -             ..
920989 -             Avoiding structure causes mistakes, loss, conflict,
920990 -             crisis and calamity, due to endless bumbling reported on
920991 -             001207. ref SDS 55 V54M   Working by guess and gossip,
920992 -             hunch and hope relying on common sense from whatever pops
920993 -             into the mind at the moment hampers working intelligently,
920994 -             and so causes harm, wastes time and money as reported on
920995 -             010911. ref SDS 70 0001
920996 -
920997 -
920998 -
920999 -
921000 -
921001 -
9211 -

SUBJECTS
Interface SDS Intelligence Effective for Natural Thinking Structure o

9303 -
930401 -          ..
930402 -         SDS Interface Enables Structure of Knowledge
930403 -
930404 -
930405 - Terry says...
930406 -
930407 -         "Information overload" feel is partly the interface (see
930408 -         above, ref SDS 0 623O), and partly because of the overall
930409 -         hyperlinnked structure rather than a clear hierarchical
930410 -         structure where you can do a depth-first traversal of main
930411 -         points without having to wade through detail. Again this may
930412 -         be a function of my using the web interface instead of better
930413 -         ones you have. ref DRT 2 U66I
930414 -
930415 -             SDS interface is an important concern, as seen from Eric
930416 -             Armstrong's letter on 010917. ref SDS 74 IN5M
930418 -              ..
930419 -             On 001130 Jack Park reported that the SDS interface makes
930420 -             the structure of knowledge useful for people. ref SDS 54
930421 -             H17O
930423 -              ..
930424 -             SDS provides a lot of summary.  The records Terry sees all
930425 -             have a summary at the top that can be read to understand
930426 -             the entire record without looking at any details, like
930427 -             reading a legal brief that makes the case with headings.
930429 -              ..
930430 -             Clicking on a link goes to relevant details, which are
930431 -             further linked to events that led up to and support the
930432 -             current context, and, also, have links to subsequent
930433 -             history showing what happened next, if anything.  This
930434 -             means everything in SDS is a summary of something that
930435 -             came before, is a supporting detail for something that
930436 -             occurred later.
930438 -              ..
930439 -             This can be burdensome, like looking into the subconscious
930440 -             mind showing life history of everything connected to
930441 -             everything else.
930443 -              ..
930444 -             SDS has been found to save time and money, ref DRP 5 0001,
930445 -             because it provides control of lower levels of organic
930446 -             structure.  Perhaps Terry has suggestions on how to make
930447 -             organic structure easier for people to assimilate in the
930448 -             beginning.  As noted, once people get used to it, there
930449 -             seems to be acceptance, reported above explaining line
930450 -             numbers. ref SDS 0 623O
930451 -
930452 -
930453 -
930454 -
930455 -
930456 -
930457 -
9305 -

SUBJECTS
Training Lessons, new User

A003 -
A00401 -          ..
A00402 -         Experience of User Key Factor Learning and Applying Systems
A00403 -
A00404 -
A00405 - Terry says...
A00406 -
A00407 -         My own experience working with Flores was that in educating
A00408 -         people it can be useful to have strong abstract theories of
A00409 -         management, but that in building useful tools the devil is in
A00410 -         the details, not in the good theoretical intentions. When I'm
A00411 -         looking at systems, I'm not so interested in what theoretical
A00412 -         principles the designers had in mind, but in what experience
A00413 -         is actually created for the users. ref DRT 2 00YY
A00414 -
A00415 -             This is a good point.  SDS enables people to track details
A00416 -             and align with the big picture in objectives, requirements
A00417 -             and commitments, which are otherwise overlooked until
A00418 -             disaster strikes later under Murphy's Law, as explained
A00419 -             in NWO. ref OF 3 13LC
A00421 -              ..
A00422 -             People who encounter SDS records on the Internet report
A00423 -             favorable results, see 010907. ref SDS 68 KX3L
A00425 -              ..
A00426 -             Where SDS has been deployed in a business setting for
A00427 -             government or private sector, good results have been
A00428 -             reported. ref SDS 0 S65N
A00430 -              ..
A00431 -             A recent letter on 011210 is an example of how SDS is
A00432 -             viewed by people, apart from theory. ref SDS 93 0001
A00434 -              ..
A00435 -             Teaching and learning SDS requires motivation from seeing
A00436 -             results of having intelligence compared to results relying
A00437 -             on information.  Training shows people how to do things,
A00438 -             and transitioning provides support to make sure progress
A00439 -             on objectives in daily work are met to save time and
A00440 -             money.
A00441 -
A00442 -
A00443 -
A00444 -
A005 -

SUBJECTS
Education Learning Enlightenment Knowledge Wisdom Intelligence Contex
Education Change Paradigm to Continual Learning Discovery Making Conn
Education Co-evolve Role Com Manager COO at Executive Level in Organi
Education Primary Secondary Learning SD Improves Memory Cause and Eff
Winograd Work Supports Com Metrics Concept of Linking Action with Com

AC07 -
AC0801 -          ..
AC0802 -         Education Correlation with SDS Difficult to Follow, Needs Help
AC0803 -
AC0804 -
AC0805 - Terry concludes....
AC0806 -
AC0807 -         This is one of those information overload places where I
AC0808 -         started trying to see what you meant and the forest totally
AC0809 -         got lost for the trees.  I'm not a great PowerPoint fan, but I
AC0810 -         long for a few slides with 5-plus-or-minus-2 bullet points in
AC0811 -         short phrases. ref DRT 2 011Q
AC0812 -
AC0813 -             Information overload is discussed above in relation to
AC0814 -             POIMS. ref SDS 0 XU7M
AC0816 -              ..
AC0817 -             Powerpoint slides and direct conversation are helpful ways
AC0818 -             to consider complex ideas, especially in the beginning.
AC0819 -             There is no 100% solution to communication.  We are aiming
AC0820 -             to lift the capacity to think, remember and communicate.
AC0821 -             On any given day, some or all of a record will be poorly
AC0822 -             done due to limited time, lack of skill, and laziness, as
AC0823 -             related on 010908. ref SDS 69 0001  As well, one reader or
AC0824 -             another may be pressed for time, or circumstances can
AC0825 -             cause a mental block, etc.  Some matters are so complex
AC0826 -             that guidance is necessary to get started.
AC0827 -             ..
AC0828 -             Terry had difficulty following research on 010614
AC0829 -             showing SDS support for education by strengthening basic
AC0830 -             literacy, ref SDS 65 HD6O, per above. ref SDS 0 LG6M
AC0832 -              ..
AC0833 -             Perhaps the meeting on Wednesday will clarify.  Or, if
AC0834 -             Terry wants to explore this subject, we can talk by phone.
AC0835 -
AC0836 -                [On 011216 Terry agrees to focus on education.
AC0837 -                ref SDS 98 0001
AC0839 -              ..
AC0840 -             I tell people if the record is not comprehensible, call
AC0841 -             and ask for help.  Usually, brief conversation provides
AC0842 -             clarification to make the record useful rather than a
AC0843 -             burden.  The goal is to improve the work, not avoid every
AC0844 -             possible stumbling block for everybody all of the time.
AC0845 -             SDS enables a better balance in communication between
AC0846 -             dialog and analysis.  So, we use both, not one or the
AC0847 -             other.
AC0849 -              ..
AC0850 -             Since "education" is the purpose of our meeting, as
AC0851 -             related in the letter on 011210, ref DIP 4 P97F, and based
AC0852 -             on telecon with Doug the same day, ref SDS 92 PL6O, a
AC0853 -             phone call on this issue might be helpful.
AC0854 -
AC0855 -                [On 011216 Terry describes SDS records as "mini-essays"
AC0856 -                linked into chronologies of cause and effect.
AC0857 -                ref SDS 98 0001
AC0859 -              ..
AC0860 -             Action item is introducing a new professional role for
AC0861 -             using SDS to align communication, per above. ref SDS 0
AC0862 -             6T8M
AC0863 -
AC0865 -          ..
AC0866 -         Terry's Experience Cognitive Science Relevant to Com Metrics
AC0867 -
AC0868 -         Terry submits link to bibliography showing books and papers
AC0869 -         he has written or contributed to....
AC0870 -
AC0871 -             http://hci.stanford.edu/winograd/action.html
AC0872 -
AC0873 -         ....reported in Terry's second letter. ref DRT 2 FK6J
AC0875 -          ..
AC0876 -         This location provides access to Terry's biography....
AC0877 -
AC0878 -             http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/
AC0880 -          ..
AC0881 -         There is a paper....
AC0883 -  ..
AC0884 -
AC0885 -                  A Language/Action Perspective on the Design of
AC0886 -                  Cooperative Work
AC0887 -
AC0888 -         at....
AC0889 -
AC0890 -        http://hci.stanford.edu/~winograd/papers/language-action.html
AC0891 -
AC0892 -         ...which says in para 2....
AC0893 -
AC0894 -            From a language/action perspective we say that People act
AC0895 -            through language.  As a contrast, consider the more
AC0896 -            predominant perspective that People process information and
AC0897 -            make decisions. Of course everyone in an organization can
AC0898 -            be described as doing both, but there is a difference of
AC0899 -            focus.
AC0901 -          ..
AC0902 -         Cooperative work through language relates Communication
AC0903 -         Metrics theory that communication is a predicate to action,
AC0904 -         and so adding control to this area improves results better
AC0905 -         than traditional cost and schedule control.
AC0906 -
AC0907 -                Intelligence as com metric........ ref OF 3 09D5
AC0908 -                Saves time money.................. ref OF 3 29G5
AC0909 -                Predicate to action............... ref OF 3 MY6H
AC0911 -          ..
AC0912 -         An example is given in Terry's paper from medical practice
AC0913 -         that relates to work with Kaiser on Com Metrics, reported
AC0914 -         beginning no 990625. ref SDS 23 0806
AC0916 -          ..
AC0917 -         The entire paper relates to correlating plans with action,
AC0918 -         which is largely a process of communication, action, and
AC0919 -         thinking about that experience.  SDS aids the thinking process
AC0920 -         by using written analysis in Knowledge Space for further
AC0921 -         planning through communication, as set out in POIMS.
AC0922 -         ref OF 2 5312
AC0923 -
AC0924 -             [On 011222 Gary Johnson cites Terry's work independently
AC0925 -             as correlating with Com Metrics. ref SDS A0 VJ5J
AC0927 -              ..
AC0928 -             [On 020107 MIT's computer science lab seems to have goals
AC0929 -             similar to HCI. ref SDS A1 HN5O
AC0931 -          ..
AC0932 -         It is curious Terry did not comment on Joe Ransdell's view
AC0933 -         that Com Metrics helps solve this problem that has been of
AC0934 -         interest in academic circles since the 17th century.
AC0935 -         ref SDS 39 7838
AC0937 -          ..
AC0938 -         Examples of work product that implement and illustrate ideas
AC0939 -         in Terry's paper are explained in relation to a software
AC0940 -         program for sales conversation called "Coordinator."  This is
AC0941 -         in para 4 "Designing conversations for action."  It is
AC0942 -         described like SDS is used for guiding conversation.  First
AC0943 -         blush impression is that the thing is too rigid, but would
AC0944 -         need to see it in action.  If it works, how does the CEO, the
AC0945 -         VP, the doctor, lawyer and mechanic use it to fix the car?
AC0946 -         Usual difficulty with these systems is they are limited to
AC0947 -         just conversation.  To be effective, need to role over talking
AC0948 -         with listening and doing everything, not just sales.
AC0950 -          ..
AC0951 -         Para 4.2 Retrieval and monitoring says in part....
AC0952 -
AC0953 -             The structure and status of conversations is the primary
AC0954 -             basis for organizing retrieval and review in the system.
AC0955 -             To put it simply, the structure is organized to provide
AC0956 -             straightforward and relevant answers to the implicit
AC0957 -             question What do I have to do now?.
AC0959 -          ..
AC0960 -         That is certainly the right issue; implementation sounds
AC0961 -         rigid.  Don't have time today for full review.  The next
AC0962 -         section.....
AC0963 -
AC0964 -         5.  Conversations in a work setting
AC0965 -
AC0966 -         ....addresses cognitive impact of assimilating information,
AC0967 -         and says in part....
AC0968 -
AC0969 -             From a cognitive perspective, one might choose to
AC0970 -             characterize [some information as conveying no] particular
AC0971 -             motivation in action. From the perspective of language as
AC0972 -             action, the primary concern is with the role that all
AC0973 -             conversations (and all utterances within conversations)
AC0974 -             play with respect to action and potentials for action.
AC0976 -          ..
AC0977 -         This is a major issue for Com Metrics, because it seems that
AC0978 -         all information, however it is received, impacts the meaning
AC0979 -         of all other information by some degree, whether influence is
AC0980 -         recognized, or not, at the conscious span of attention, per
AC0981 -         Landauer reviewed on 960321. ref SDS 16 0Y7G  Proactive
AC0982 -         management strives to discover latent meaning, to build shared
AC0983 -         meaning, and maintain alignment that avoids meaning drift in
AC0984 -         order to avoid inadvertent action that conflicts with
AC0985 -         objectives, i.e., bumbling.
AC0986 -         ..
AC0987 -         Conclusion
AC0988 -
AC0989 -             There is little agreement as to what core issues will
AC0990 -             define the area of research in office systems and
AC0991 -             computer-supported cooperative work. The fields cannot be
AC0992 -             defined by particular implementation techniques, or
AC0993 -             principles of information processing, since these apply to
AC0994 -             all computer systems. We believe that they are part of a
AC0995 -             new discipline that focuses on the interaction between the
AC0996 -             structure of systems and the structure of work, and we
AC0997 -             anticipate that the language/action perspective will play
AC0998 -             a major role in its development.
AC1000 -          ..
AC1001 -         Seems to reflect Jeremy Campbell's book reviewed on 900303
AC1002 -         that reports progress on AI has been slow. ref SDS 4 3002
AC1004 -          ..
AC1005 -         I called Doug on 011210 to work on integrating management
AC1006 -         science, technology and cognitive science, ref SDS 92 PL6O, as
AC1007 -         Drucker seems to call out in his article in Atlantic Monthly
AC1008 -         reviewed on 991025. ref SDS 25 0785
AC1010 -          ..
AC1011 -         My call to Elizabeth Pate-Cornell on 000202 made the same
AC1012 -         point, ref SDS 29 0867, based on some recognition at Stanford
AC1013 -         that integration of disciplines is needed. ref SDS 29 4680
AC1015 -          ..
AC1016 -         Terry seems to have good credentials for addressing this
AC1017 -         opportunity to move from IT to a culture of knowledge, so will
AC1018 -         try to make some headway on Wednesday.
AC1019 -
AC1020 -
AC1021 -
AC1022 -
AC1023 -
AC1024 -
AC1025 -
AC1026 -
AC1027 -
AC1028 -
AC1029 -
AC1030 -
AC1031 -
AC1032 -
AC11 -