CONTACTS 
0201 - Intel Corporation
020101 - Mr. Morris E. Jones; Business Unit Manager
020103 - Cable Network Operation

SUBJECTS
KM Secret SDS Breakthrough from IT Enables Steady Advance on Stable

5003 -
5003 -    ..
5004 - Summary/Objective
5005 -
500501 - Follow up ref SDS 36 4933 ref SDS 34 4933.
500502 -
500503 - Received ref DRT 1 0001 from Morris responding to my letter to him,
500504 - ref DIP 1 0001, on 000423, ref SDS 36 5642, submitting...
500505 -
500506 -     a.  Eric's letter explaining the DKR project should produce a tool
500507 -         to augment human intelligence. ref DRP 2 1120, reported on
500508 -         000423, ref SDS 36 5933, summarized an earlier explanation on
500509 -         000421, ref SDS 33 5933, for the purpose of the DKR project...
500511 -          ..
500512 -         An interactive tool for discussion and deliberation that
500513 -         records the decisions and their rationales in way that allows
500514 -         the knowledge gained in the process to be applied to future
500515 -         projects. ref DRP 1 0001
500517 -          ..
500518 -     b.  Eric's letter explaining atomic data structures for an editor
500519 -         to support the DKR project, ref DRP 3 0001, reported on
500520 -         000423, ref SDS 36 4933, which seems primarily to focus on
500521 -         document management, rather than the more expansive notion of
500522 -         Knowledge Space, implied by "human intelligence" and his
500523 -         earlier innovation on 000212.
500525 -  ..
500526 - Morris says the record shows...
500527 -
500528 -     Eric's requirements for the DKR editor in his letter on 000423
500529 -     "...is basic computer science on how they will keep track of the
500530 -     information. I don't see anything here that says they understand
500531 -     what to do with the data." ref DRT 1 0001
500532 -
500533 -        [On 000503 Eric reported to the DKR team that he has given up
500534 -        trying to understand "knowledge." ref SDS 42 5033
500536 -         ..
500537 -        [On 000615 DKR team meeting at SRI gave up trying to define
500538 -        knowledge and develop KM capability. ref SDS 46 6271
500540 -         ..
500541 -        [On 000812 further difficulties encountered creating knowledge
500542 -        management. ref SDS 48 0I6O
500544 -         ..
500545 -        [On 000824 SRI planning to implement Rod Welch's SDS program
500546 -        for Knowledge Management. ref SDS 49 PU5N
500548 -         ..
500549 -        [On 000827 reviewed record again showing Knowledge Management
500550 -        is a secret of SDS. ref SDS 50 Y15M
500551 -
500553 -  ..
500554 - Meaning of Knowledge is Unknown; SDS Only Design to Apply Knowledge
500555 - Knowledge Management Design is a Secret Known Only to SDS
500556 -
500557 - Follow up ref SDS 20 8V4F.
500558 -
500559 - The record so far indicates SDS has somehow stumbled onto a unique
500560 - design for integrating time and information that strengthens alphabet
500561 - technology to improve basic literacy. per POIMS. ref OF 1 3742  This
500562 - is a powerful advance toward knowledge technology, noted by Jack Park
500563 - on 000504, ref SDS 43 6082, and again on 001130. ref SDS 62 H17O
500565 -       ..
500566 -      [On 070126 case study people have given up on all 3 elements of
500567 -      Knowledge Management because only SDS enables routine use of
500568 -      intelligence support. ref SDS 87 QH8L
500570 -       ..
500571 -      [On 071220 case study Jack Park correspondence presents SDS
500572 -      unique support invents the "wheel" for Knowledge Management.
500573 -      ref SDS 88 M53N
500575 -       ..
500576 -      [On 080124 case study people trying other software development
500577 -      tools and platforms to reinvent the "wheel" for Knowledge
500578 -      Management technology experience difficulty without SDS platform
500579 -      based on assembly language. ref SDS 89 WG5G
500581 -       ..
500582 -      [On 090313 2028 CALO and IRIS projects at SRI to develop
500583 -      Knowledge Management with government grant funding, and staffed
500584 -      by Jack Park and Adam Cheyer who are strong advocates of Doug
500585 -      Engelbart's ideas and methods, was ended without evident
500586 -      continuity of tools to create daily work product. ref SDS 91 X53K
500588 -  ..
500589 - On 000106 Morris described SDS as a "rare event" in developing
500590 - technology because a number of infrequent forces had to line up in
500591 - order for SDS to be formed. ref SDS 20 8V4F  Morris described
500592 - advantages when he started using SDS on 910520. ref SDS 2 I66F
500593 - Earlier on 910810 Morris explained SDS breakthrough design,
500594 - ref SDS 5 0001, and on 911123 he discussed the Welch management method
500595 - enabled by SDS that is different from the way most people work.
500596 - ref SDS 6 0477  On 920215 Morris gave up because SDS is
500597 - counterintuitive, ref SDS 7 5820, explained on 910529 as lack of
500598 - experience using technology to support natural plan, perform, report
500599 - mental process of working intelligently. ref SDS 4 4930
500600 -
500601 -      [On 001031 Jack Park reports in a letter to OHS/DKR team meeting
500602 -      at SRI that nobody knows how to accomplish Knowledge Management,
500603 -      and cites SDS records demonstrate doing Knowledge Management for
500604 -      many (umpteen) years. ref SDS 57 0S8L
500606 -       ..
500607 -      [On 001116 Jack Park reported to OHS/DKR team SDS records on
500608 -      the Internet are amazing "existence proof" validating claims
500609 -      of POIMS for supporting Knowledge Management. ref SDS 59
500610 -      953G
500612 -       ..
500613 -      [On 010916 Eric Armstrong reported SDS enables amazing
500614 -      memory with mechanisms that obviously work. ref SDS 69 0001
500616 -       ..
500617 -      [On 010924 Morris explains SDS is the only technology that
500618 -      improves management productivity, ref SDS 72 NK4J, and nobody
500619 -      uses software like SDS to create connections between informtion
500620 -      and context that produces knowledge of cause and effect.
500621 -      ref SDS 72 XT5F
500623 -       ..
500624 -      [On 020530 case study nobody grasps what we are trying to
500625 -      accomplish using technology for Knowledge Management that
500626 -      improves information management. ref SDS 78 EF7I
500628 -       ..
500629 -      [On 020531 Mike Poremba reports seeing SDS demonstration and work
500630 -      product on the Internet shows SDS has efficient usability and
500631 -      unique information functionality. ref SDS 79 5M3G
500633 -       ..
500634 -      [On 080422 Gary Johnson describes SDS design applies a theory of
500635 -      knowledge and work product demonstrates unique ability to
500636 -      perform. ref SDS 90 054Y
500638 -  ..
500639 - In the same way that alphabet technology enables people to capture
500640 - information through the magic of writing and literacy, SDS enables
500641 - people to consistently add intelligence to information that creates
500642 - knowledge of cause and effect for guiding daily work, per POIMS.
500643 - ref OF 1 6649   Since knowledge is a more powerful cognitive resource
500644 - than information, SDS lifts the underlying capacity to think, remember
500645 - and communicate, which drives advance of civilization.
500646 -
500647 -      [On 040312 energy from connecting the dots of cause and effect
500648 -      yields the power of knowledge for predictability to control the
500649 -      work. ref SDS 85 YH4G
500651 -  ..
500652 - It appears that while many in the KM movement, and previously in AI,
500653 - have worked on creating tools that improve information management,
500654 - only SDS has made meaningful progress advancing toward a practical
500655 - knowledge technology.  A recent example is the report on 000420 that a
500656 - group developed KM tools called CRIT, but found they are not adequate
500657 - for daily use; instead of using CRIT, the staff uses email,
500658 - ref SDS 32 4911, which destroys productivity, but is attractive
500659 - because information in email is fast and easy to use, and so presents
500660 - an illusion of progress.
500662 -       ..
500663 -      [On 020530 what are we trying to accomplish cannot be answered by
500664 -      engineers working on Knowlege Management projects evident from
500665 -      case study. ref SDS 78 EF7I
500667 -       ..
500668 -      [On 020820 people need time to discover through experience that a
500669 -      new way of working that adds links to email creates a connected
500670 -      record of cause and effect that improves productivity.
500671 -      ref SDS 82 UV6G
500673 -  ..
500674 - Morris' comment above, ref SDS 0 0001, supports analysis on 000423,
500675 - ref SDS 36 4623, and Paul Fernhout's report on 000405, ref SDS 29
500676 - 5977, showing that the DKR effort has not progressed from 000120, when
500677 - it was recommended that knowledge and intelligence be defined.
500678 - ref SDS 22 5063  Same suggestion was presented on 000407, ref SDS 31
500679 - 2805, but there has been no progress.
500681 -  ..
500682 - On 980828 research on business intelligence showed that vendors and
500683 - developers are creating tools to obtain intelligence from external
500684 - sources, rather than using intelligence to convert daily working
500685 - information into knowledge, ref SDS 17 KQ5I, as explained by POIMS.
500686 - ref OF 1 2300
500688 -  ..
500689 - On 000106 review showed that nobody else has identified a distinction
500690 - between information and knowledge that improves upon conventional
500691 - information technology, and so justifies a description of Knowledge
500692 - Management. ref SDS 20 1025
500694 -  ..
500695 - On 000116 no other program supports KM; Intel has a program used in
500696 - the manufacturing department that is somewhat like SDS. ref SDS 21
500697 - 0877
500698 -
500699 -      [On 000503 emotional trauma expressed about difficulty grasping
500700 -      useful distinction between information and knowledge. ref SDS 42
500701 -      5033 and, ref SDS 42 0672
500703 -       ..
500704 -      [On 000615 DKR team meeting at SRI gave up trying to define
500705 -      knowledge and develop KM capability. ref SDS 46 6271
500707 -       ..
500708 -      [On 001130 Jack Park submits a letter explaining that SDS has the
500709 -      right structure for knowledge and the user interface makes the
500710 -      structure useful to people. ref SDS 62 NQ43
500712 -       ..
500713 -      [On 010907 history of comments showing SDS supports KM.
500714 -      ref SDS 68 KX3L
500716 -       ..
500717 -      [On 010916 other technologies have failed. ref SDS 70 UF9M
500719 -       ..
500720 -      [On 010917 OHS/DKR project shows SDS is only solution.
500721 -      ref SDS 71 DU5M
500723 -       ..
500724 -      [On 010924 Morris explains SDS is the only technology that
500725 -      improves management productivity, ref SDS 72 NK4J, and nobody
500726 -      uses software like SDS to create connections between informtion
500727 -      and context that produces knowledge of cause and effect.
500728 -      ref SDS 72 XT5F
500730 -       ..
500731 -      [On 011003 OHS/DKR giving up frustrated by information overload
500732 -      hopeless quagmire complexity using other technologies.
500733 -      ref SDS 73 EC5N
500735 -       ..
500736 -      [On 011105 Jeff Conklin reports SDS "walks the talk"
500737 -      demonstrating support for Knowledge Management. ref SDS 74 4S6H
500739 -       ..
500740 -      [On 011208 Jack Park cannot cite other technologies that have the
500741 -      SDS design for "intelligence" support. ref SDS 75 FV5H
500743 -       ..
500744 -      [On 011210 Doug Engelbart explained SDS to Terry Winograd at
500745 -      Stanford as a "unique" solution. ref SDS 76 WT3L
500747 -       ..
500748 -      [On 020110 Morris describes Intel's methods that use a
500749 -      rudimentary 6 place code for tracking manufacturing issues.
500750 -      ref SDS 77 YX8I
500752 -       ..
500753 -      [On 020110 no work product showing anyone else has developed
500754 -      organic structures to manage subjects. ref SDS 77 F89I
500756 -       ..
500757 -      [On 020608 Dave Snowden with IBM writes article saying KM has
500758 -      failed, ref SDS 80 ZN6I; proposes new generation that manages
500759 -      context separately from narrative and content. ref SDS 80 LY8M
500761 -       ..
500762 -      [On 020610 Dave Snowden frustrated unable to generate context
500763 -      using tools and methods everyone likes. ref SDS 81 MV9G
500765 -       ..
500766 -      [On 020820 Murray Altheim frustrated that it takes a lot longer
500767 -      to create links without using SDS. ref SDS 82 6P8K
500769 -       ..
500770 -      [On 030506 Gary Johnson reviews dilemma that prevents
500771 -      transformation from tools for information (IT) to tools for a
500772 -      culture of knowledge. ref SDS 83 0001
500774 -       ..
500775 -      [On 030521 opening the bottle to release the Genie that is the
500776 -      secret for the power of knowledge, can only be done by others;
500777 -      the Genie cannot open the bottle. ref SDS 84 FP5F
500779 -       ..
500780 -      [On 050118 Henry van Eykan notes limited availability of tools
500781 -      for augmenting intelligence. ref SDS 86 D23G
500783 -       ..
500784 -      [On 080422 Gary Johnson describes SDS design applies a theory of
500785 -      knowledge and work product demonstrates unique ability to
500786 -      perform. ref SDS 90 054Y
500788 -       ..
500789 -      [On 090313 2028 CALO and IRIS projects at SRI to develop
500790 -      Knowledge Management with government grant funding, was ended
500791 -      without evident continuity of tools to create daily work product.
500792 -      ref SDS 91 X53K
500793 -
500795 -  ..
500796 - On 910418 Intel reported that engineers need to figure out scenarios
500797 - for designing software that makes computers useful for improving
500798 - management productivity. ref SDS 1 UT7F
500800 -  ..
500801 - On 910523 difficulty understanding SDS counterintuitive design.
500802 - ref SDS 3 2736  On 920215 this issue was affirmed. ref SDS 7 5820
500804 -  ..
500805 - On 910529 SDS design improves 5,000 years of manual practice, so it is
500806 - difficult to discover and for people to adopt. ref SDS 4 4930
500808 -  ..
500809 - On 950803 planning to develop KM in phases so people start by learning
500810 - to use SDS in order to learn KM, and use this experience to design
500811 - Windows version of SDS. ref SDS 13 M4DY
500813 -  ..
500814 - On 950710 Landauer reported that software engineers don't know what to
500815 - program that makes computers productive for management. ref SDS 12
500816 - 3375
500818 -  ..
500819 - On 950927 Intel gave up trying to use computers for improving
500820 - management. ref SDS 14 7732
500822 -  ..
500823 - On 951011 Morris reported that engineers don't understand how to
500824 - program software that makes computers useful for improving management
500825 - productivity, he said the SDS design for adding intelligence that
500826 - converts information into knowledge is hard for software engineers to
500827 - grasp. ref SDS 15 1341
500829 -  ..
500830 - It supports Lee Iverson's report at SRI on 000324 that other projects
500831 - trying to create KM have failed, and seek ideas. ref SDS 26 4877  The
500832 - point was reported again at SRI on 000330. ref SDS 28 0713
500833 -
500834 -      [On 010426 Pat Lincoln reports DARPA has given up on KM.
500835 -      ref SDS 65 657O
500837 -       ..
500838 -      [On 010924 Morris Jones at Intel explains why KM is hard to
500839 -      create, SDS is difficult to duplicate. ref SDS 72 NK4J
500841 -  ..
500842 - This record shows the core capability of knowledge management (KM)
500843 - requested by Eric on 000208, ref SDS 23 8960, is obscured by culture
500844 - and experience cited by Morris on 990527, ref SDS 18 1233, and by
500845 - marketing hype, reported on 980226 reviewing IBM's initiative on
500846 - business intelligence, ref SDS 16 2146, which confirmed earlier
500847 - analysis during meeting at Intel on 950927. ref SDS 14 QG6N
500848 -
500849 -      [On 000426 review of Jack Park's explanation of architecture
500850 -      showing disconnect between Eric Armstrong's understanding of the
500851 -      purpose of KM to augment intelligence, and his explanation to
500852 -      build an email system, illustrates knowledge management delimma.
500853 -      ref SDS 39 4554
500855 -       ..
500856 -      [On 000428 sent letter to Jack Park on this. ref SDS 41 1155
500858 -       ..
500859 -      [On 000824 SRI planning to implement Rod Welch's SDS program for
500860 -      Knowledge Management. ref SDS 49 PU5N
500862 -       ..
500863 -      [On 000716 theory of management requires communication process
500864 -      that has not been discovered since 17th century. ref SDS 47 7838
500866 -       ..
500867 -      [On 000829 SRI expects they can create SDS in a year. ref SDS 51
500868 -      1056
500870 -       ..
500871 -      [On 001017 SRI plans to use open source to create better KM
500872 -      technology using funding from NIH. ref SDS 54 3960
500874 -       ..
500875 -      [On 001018 architecture snag indicates experience using KM needed
500876 -      to understand how to create tools. ref SDS 55 GD6J
500878 -       ..
500879 -      [On 001025 Doug Engelbart indicated SDS is the best KM program he
500880 -      has seen in 40 years. ref SDS 56 XV6F
500882 -       ..
500883 -      [On 001127 architecture too complex for KM. ref SDS 60 0001
500885 -       ..
500886 -      [On 001130 Raven is Lotus Notes version of KM planned for release
500887 -      by IBM, scope changed, release delayed. ref SDS 61 F26K
500889 -       ..
500890 -      [On 010131 Cliff Joslyn asks for file format to support KM,
500891 -      recognizing PDF and Wordprocessing not effective. ref SDS 63 LF7M
500893 -       ..
500894 -      [On 010315 KM is presented by most authorities as improving
500895 -      document management. ref SDS 64 EP3I
500897 -       ..
500898 -      [On 010719 software engineer frustrated that knowledge work tools
500899 -      are not effective, and does not expect improvement from
500900 -      mainstream technology developers. ref SDS 66 GH7I
500902 -       ..
500903 -      [On 010725 Wayne Wetzel reports SDS provides powerful capability
500904 -      to improve management that is not available anywhere else.
500905 -      ref SDS 67 JU6M
500907 -  ..
500908 - Knowledge Management dilemma reviewed in telecon with Morris on
500909 - 000106, ref SDS 20 5120 and ref SDS 20 0877, remains a puzzel, even to
500910 - experts like the SRI team, see for example on 000405. ref SDS 29 0005
500911 - On 000503 an AI engineer gave up trying to understand KM. ref SDS 42
500912 - 5033 and ref SDS 42 0672  A month later on 000615 the entire team gave
500913 - up. ref SDS 46 6271
500915 -  ..
500916 - On 910810 Morris cited SDS unique design. ref SDS 5 7793  Later on
500917 - 911123 Morris reported that SDS supports Welch Management Method that
500918 - enables new way of working. ref SDS 6 0477
500920 -  ..
500921 - Morris' point on 000116 that there are no programs close to SDS
500922 - capability, reflects both opportunity and challenge of helping people
500923 - understand breakthroughs. ref SDS 21 5063
500925 -  ..
500926 - On 940125, SDS is the only technology for aiding daily management.
500927 - ref SDS 10 V8EW
500929 -  ..
500930 - This makes "Knowledge Management" (KM) simply another buzz for selling
500931 - IT solutions, noted on 980226. ref SDS 16 2716
500932 -
500933 -      [On 000503 Eric says knowledge management is a buzz word, he is
500934 -      focusing what can be developed based on present understanding.
500935 -      ref SDS 42 5033
500937 -  ..
500938 - Making KM meaningfully different from IT is very hard to grasp, since
500939 - even after disclosing the elements on 000208, ref SDS 23 4905, and
500940 - after writing out a signficant aspect on 000212, ref SDS 24 9790, and
500941 - after setting out on 000423 that tools must augment intelligence,
500942 - ref SDS 36 5933, meaning of knowledge is still unknown to the field.
500943 -
500944 -      [On 000504 Doug Engelbart reports help is needed to understand
500945 -      KM. ref SDS 44 5555
500947 -       ..
500948 -      [On 000517 Eric confirms lack of understanding about KM.
500949 -      ref SDS 45 5092
500951 -       ..
500952 -      [On 000615 DKR team meeting at SRI gave up trying to define
500953 -      knowledge and develop KM capability. ref SDS 46 6271
500955 -       ..
500956 -      [On 000929 OHS architecture not understood. ref SDS 52 X57F
500958 -       ..
500959 -      [On 001106 OHS design delayed problems. ref SDS 58 0001
500961 -       ..
500962 -      [On 090313 2028 CALO and IRIS projects at SRI to develop
500963 -      Knowledge Management with government grant funding, was ended
500964 -      without evident continuity of tools to create daily work product.
500965 -      ref SDS 91 X53K
500966 -
500967 -
500969 -  ..
5010 -
5011 -
5012 - 2217 Sent Response to Morris
5013 -
501301 - Submitted ref DIT 1 0001 to Morris explaining findings that confirm
501302 - SDS has a secret design that is essential for knowledge management.
501304 -  ..
501305 - From presentation to IBM on 941114, ref SDS 11 2224, summarized the
501306 - secret with the formula...
501307 -
501308 -
501309 -                        K = I + T + O + S
501310 -
501311 -
501312 - ...further analysis, suggests other dimensions of this matter...
501313 -
501314 -       [On 000517 defined information and knowledge. ref SDS 45 4972
501315 -
501317 -                        ..
501318 -                       In = Experience, see, hear, feel, encounter
501320 -                        ..
501321 -                       It = O + A + T + S + F
501322 -
501323 -                        K = It * In
501324 -
501325 -                          = Results + Context
501326 -
501327 -                          = Chronologies of cause and effect
501328 -
501330 -  ..
501331 - ...where...
501332 -
501333 -             In=Information It=Intelligence
501334 -              K=Knowledge
501335 -              A=Analysis (from T+O+S, i.e., Knowledge is inductive)
501336 -              T=Time connections for alignment
501337 -              S=Summary connected to detail,
501338 -              O=Organization, also be called C=Context,
501339 -              F=Feedback,
501340 -
501341 - ...ref DIT 1 0001, based on explanation in POIMS. ref OF 1 0561
501343 -  ..
501344 - This is the 30 second sound bite Morris has been requesting, and
501345 - aligns with Eric Armstrong's analysis of the elevator version for
501346 - selling to investors. ref SDS 36 5735
501348 -  ..
501349 - We summarize the formula for simplicity, proposed by Eric in his
501350 - letter on 000423, ref SDS 36 5735, as integrating time and information.
501351 - ref OF 1 5418
501352 -
501353 -
501354 -                           K = I + T
501355 -
501356 -
501357 - ...where I=A+O+S+F,
501358 -
501359 -
501361 -  ..
501362 - Counterintuitive Design Makes Km Difficult to Understand
501363 -
501364 - SDS has a unique, counterintuitive design that requires considerable
501365 - experience to grasp.
501366 -
501367 - Knowledge management requires additional factors of "analysis" called
501368 - out by Drucker reviewed on 931130, ref SDS 9 7911, feedback, explained
501369 - in the NWO... ref OF 3 0936, and integrating special kinds of
501370 - information called "contacts" and "documents," provide the basis for
501371 - defining a management science of Communciation Metrics.  On 000423 SDS
501372 - can be further augmented to support Enterprise Management. ref SDS 36
501373 - 8000
501374 -
501375 -      [On 011013 SDS counterintuitive. ref SDS 53 Z5W8
501377 -  ..
501378 - The letter to Morris today, explains the challenge of helping Doug's
501379 - SRI team grasp the elements of KM, ref DIT 1 3990, citing the record
501380 - beginning on 000120. ref SDS 22 5063   On 000406 Jack Park noticed
501381 - this difficulty, ref SDS 30 6783, discussed previously in detail with
501382 - Morris on 000116. ref SDS 21 5063  Cite Jack's appreciation for the
501383 - role of organization, which he calls ontology, from work on 000221.
501384 - ref SDS 25 8044, and his request for me to lead the project on 000406,
501385 - ref SDS 30 6783,
501386 -
501387 -      [On 000615 DKR team meeting at SRI gave up trying to define
501388 -      knowledge and develop KM capability. ref SDS 46 6271
501390 -       ..
501391 -      [On 000824 SRI planning to implement Rod Welch's SDS program for
501392 -      Knowledge Management. ref SDS 49 PU5N
501394 -       ..
501395 -      [On 000827 reviewed record again. ref SDS 50 Y15M
501397 -  ..
501398 - Doug is and must be the key figure on the SRI team by virtue of his
501399 - standing in the industry, and contributions in the 60s and 70s,
501400 - reported on 991222, ref SDS 19 8064, and on 000327 where he submitted
501401 - a 1972 paper defining the goal of knowledge management. ref SDS 27
501402 - 3971 On 000424 one the key figures with the SRI effort, urged the
501403 - group to follow Doug's leadership, indicating the challenge for anyone
501404 - to manage under Doug's shadow. ref SDS 37 1590
501406 -      ..
501407 -     [On 000426 project management reviewed again. ref SDS 38 0187
501409 -  ..
501410 - Asked Morris to help develop KM capability, because he has experience
501411 - with SDS that can help bring it forward. ref DIT 1 0640
501413 -  ..
501414 - It will be a battle, but it will be easier for him than for anyone
501415 - else.
501416 -
501417 -
501418 -
501419 -
501420 -
501421 -
501422 -
501423 -
501424 -
5015 -