CONTACTS 
0201 - IBM Almaden Research Center          408 927 1898
020101 - Mr. Jim Spohrer, Ph.D.; 408 927 xxxx
020102 - spohrer@almaden.ibm.com
020103 - User Systems Ergonomics Research

SUBJECTS
Literacy Declines in Work Place
Remembering Links Improved by SDS
Writing Improves Memory Without Seeing Text
Writing to Discover What We Need to Know, Instead of Telling Other Pe
Alphabet Most Powerful Technology, Improved by SDS
Reading Expedited by SDS Judicious Review
Knowledge Stream, Paradigm Shift from Documents
Online Books
Paradigm Shift Documents to Knowledge Space
Ignorance Causes Fear, Denial
Conway, Lynn New System of Knowledge Conflicts Common Sense
Ludites Last Bastion, Managers, Fear SDS
800# Gorilla Accountability
Online Digital v. Paper Books

2316 -    ..
2317 - Summary/Objective
2318 -
231801 - Follow up ref SDS 34 0000, ref SDS 33 0000.
231802 -
231803 - Resistance to online books shows need for co-evolution to develop a
231804 - work role for "intelligence" to implement tools and skills that
231805 - convert information into a useful Knowledge Space.
231806 -
231807 -    [On 000503 sent letter to Mike Wirth, mention analysis of Jim
231808 -    Spohrer's ideas. ref SDS 39 2856
231809 -
231810 -
231811 -
2319 -
2320 -
2321 - Progress
2322 -
232201 -  ..
232202 - Documents Replaced by Knowledge Space; Electronic Books Seductive
232203 - Knowledge Space Augments Memory Expands Span of Attention
232204 - Information Overload Produces Cursory Understanding, Reduced Literacy
232205 -
232206 - Follow up ref SDS 34 4782, ref SDS 33 4782.
232207 -
232208 - On 990125 Online books came into the record from participating in a
232209 - focus group that evaluated a Microsoft web site for selling books.
232210 - ref SDS 9 8669  On 000307 Henry van Eyken discussed implications of
232211 - evolution toward online books. ref SDS 28 4782
232212 -
232213 - Received ref DRT 1 0001 from Jim Spohrer, with IBM Almaden Research
232214 - Center in San Jose responding to correspondence about online books,
232215 - beginning with an email report submitted by John Deneen, ref DRT 1
232216 - 0003, that cites an article...
232217 -
232218 -                ..
232219 -             Library of Congress Will Not Digitize Books
232220 -
232221 -
232222 - ...reporting an address on 000414 to the National Press Club by...
232223 -
232224 -     James Billington explaining why the Library of Congress will not
232225 -     digitize books.  The Library plans to expand web publication of
232226 -     other materials....
232227 -
232228 -
232229 -            http://www.techlawjournal.com/educ/20000415.htm
232230 -
232231 -
232232 - Billington maintains...
232233 -
232234 -     1.  It is more important to get special format material online
232235 -         that nobody has seen, e.g., rare pamphlets, rather than full
232236 -         books. ref DRT 1 5711
232237 -         ..
232238 -     2.  Books should not be replaced by online resources because
232239 -         turning book pages is different from scrolling down a computer
232240 -         screen. Books should inspire reverence. ref DRT 1 2436
232241 -
232242 -           Jim Spohrer in his letter today says it is incorrect to
232243 -           assume that scrolling will be the user experience for
232244 -           electronic books of the future. ref DRT 1 0001
232245 -
232246 -           Jim notes other factors that suggest a continuing presence
232247 -           of conventional books, ref DRT 1 3960,  which aligns with
232248 -           analysis on 000307. ref SDS 28 4782  Similar passions were
232249 -           ignited with the rise of literacy in about 400 BC which
232250 -           threatened traditonal use of poetry and personal recall
232251 -           rather than jotting down the record using the new tools of
232252 -           alphabet technology, reported on 991108. ref SDS 17 7426  We
232253 -           see the continued furver of those who cling to the old ways
232254 -           when we attend meetings where people are not prepared, cry
232255 -           out with anguished accusations that others are not telling
232256 -           the truth when conflicting memories are voiced, and
232257 -           entertain themselves on the cell phone and email with
232258 -           spontaneous and incessant stream of conscious communication,
232259 -           simply because it seems fast and easy.
232260 -
232261 -           [On 000420 project meeting by SRI "seed" team for Doug's DKR
232262 -           project reports email is seductive because it seems fast and
232263 -           easy. ref SDS 38 4911
232264 -
232265 -          ..
232266 -         Online Resources Leverage Intelligence to Make Connections
232267 -
232268 -         Getting everything electronically online, including books, is
232269 -         lonely, ref DRT 1 4216, dangerous, and arrogant. ref DRT 1
232270 -         7308  Avoid becoming a mindless futurist who sits in front of
232271 -         a lonely computer screen.  In contrast, libraries are places,
232272 -         a community thing. ref DRT 1 5328
232273 -
232274 -         Electronic books may succeed commercially because they are
232275 -         "seductive." ref DRT 1 6162
232276 -
232277 -           [On 000420 project meeting by SRI "seed" team for Doug's DKR
232278 -           project reports email is seductive because it seems fast and
232279 -           easy. ref SDS 38 4911
232280 -         ..
232281 -         Linking is cited by Jim as an advantage of online books.
232282 -         ref DRT 1 3960
232283 -
232284 -           Jim's point aligns with experience using online information
232285 -           that leverages intelligence that connects cause and effect
232286 -           into a web of contextual chronologies, forming a Knowledge
232287 -           Space that augments human intelligence by expanding span of
232288 -           attention, explained in POIMS. ref OF 1 0561  Henry van
232289 -           Eyken noted that, unlike earlier generations, there is not
232290 -           enough time in today's world to understand more than the
232291 -           mere gist of a book. ref SDS 28 1122  Accordingly, to
232292 -           increase understanding is powerfully seductive, but requires
232293 -           time to be recognized, as seen from the record on 000317
232294 -           notifying the Colloquium of this looming opportunity.
232295 -           ref SDS 34 4782
232296 -
232297 -              [On 010211 planning meeting with Jim on how to implement
232298 -              his ideas about linking books. ref SDS 41 XH4M
232299 -           ..
232300 -           The legend of Prometheus shows that from the beginning
232301 -           of time the seductive appeal to increase power has offered a
232302 -           Hobson's choice that brings danger, arrogance and lonliness,
232303 -           reported on 991108, ref SDS 17 5368  Yet, power builds
232304 -           bridges to unite, harvests crops to feed, and grows new
232305 -           knowledge that lifts civilization, when properly applied.
232306 -
232307 -
232308 - John Deneen does not comment on the issue.
232309 -
232310 - Andy Poggio makes following points....
232311 -
232312 -
232313 -    ..
232314 -   Knowledge Space Resisted Because Email Seems Fast and Easy
232315 -   Ignorance, Fear Reflect Need for Stability to Rely on Experience
232316 -   Gutenberg's Books Resisted Like People Now Resist Knowledge Space
232317 -
232318 -   Andy Paggio points out that people resisted Gutenberg's printed
232319 -   books on the Bible because stone tablets deserve reverence.
232320 -   ref DRT 1 0002
232321 -
232322 -       Shifting the paradigm to mass produced books provided low, cost
232323 -       uniform rendering of alphabet technology that was resisted by
232324 -       caligraphers who earned their livilhood by creating high quality
232325 -       hand crafted bibles, and, who a thousand years earlier, had
232326 -       displaced the folks who used stone tablets.
232327 -       ..
232328 -       On 991010 Gutenberg was cited as having contributed the
232329 -       most to the progress of civilization during the past millennium
232330 -       because he persisted in the face of resistance that bankrupted
232331 -       him, to develop capability that enhances alphabet technology by
232332 -       an order of magnitude, which in turn improves knowledge work,
232333 -       leading to an acceleration of other technologies. ref SDS 14
232334 -       3005
232335 -
232336 -       On 991108 research shows that, prior to Gutenberg, alphabet
232337 -       technology itself was resisted by those who preferred the old
232338 -       ways of poetry to preserve and access information. ref SDS 17
232339 -       7426
232340 -
232341 -       On 940510 research indicates that 300 years after Gutenberg, two
232342 -       people introduced another disruptive technology.  Voltaire and
232343 -       Diderot required 20 years to overcome resistance to the DKR of
232344 -       their time, which they called an encyclopedia. ref SDS 2 8403
232345 -       ..
232346 -       On 960612 Lynn Conway cited ignorance, fear and denial
232347 -       resists new methods because humans rely on experience, also
232348 -       called "common sense," to make decisions, see Campbell reviewed
232349 -       on 900303, ref SDS 1 3002, so a radical change in method is
232350 -       emotionally shocking, because it underminds primary cognitive
232351 -       method of thinking and reasoning, i.e., from experience.  This
232352 -       slowed acceptance of LSVI technology to improve microprocessors
232353 -       in the 1970s and 1980s. ref SDS 4 1368
232354 -
232355 -       On 000317 submitted to Colloquium team on DKR project advantage
232356 -       of shifting the paradigm from documents to Knowledge Space,
232357 -       ref SDS 34 4782, based on work from 960620, ref SDS 5 3516 There
232358 -       was no response until "online" books which is a narrow aspect of
232359 -       Knowledge Space was raised today.
232360 -
232361 -         [On 000420 Eric Armstrong reports the SRI "seed" team for the
232362 -         DKR likes email because fast and easier to use seduces people
232363 -         to avoid the hard work of creating the connections needed for
232364 -         useful knowledge. ref SDS 38 4911
232365 -
232366 -
232367 -    ..
232368 -   Purpose of Library is to Preserve and Provide Access to Information
232369 -
232370 -   Andy Paggio offers that the Library of Congress has two primary
232371 -   responsibilities...
232372 -
232373 -       a.  Preservation of information
232374 -
232375 -       b.  Access to information
232376 -
232377 -   Andy feels that digitizing to create online books serves both goals
232378 -   well.  Once in digital form, further perfect copies are possible
232379 -   indefinitely.  As for access, books require physical proximity --
232380 -   something the vast majority of the country lacks when it comes to
232381 -   the Library of Congress.  Digital information is not location
232382 -   independent. ref DRT 1 7120
232383 -       ..
232384 -       On 000307 Doug Engelbart recommended that the Colloquium
232385 -       team prepare analysis of knowledge and knowledge management
232386 -       similar to work done by Bellinger. ref SDS 28 4820  Andy
232387 -       Paggio's view on the purpose of a library aligns with
232388 -       Bellinger's explanation of a knowledge repository. ref SDS 28
232389 -       3746
232390 -
232391 -       Paggio and Bellinger do not cite additional requirements for a
232392 -       Knowledge Space that requires connections of cause and effect
232393 -       based on subject context that converts information into useful
232394 -       "intelligence," cited in POIMS. ref OF 1 0859
232395 -
232396 -
232397 -
2324 -

SUBJECTS
Luddites Resisted Textile Technology in Early 1800s of England
Scribes Transitioned Civilization to Literacy
Knowledge Management Requires Communication Managers to Transition fr
Knowledge Management Requires Knowledge Manager Use SDS
KM Requires Com Manager for Paradigm Shift Transition from Informatio
Knowledge Manager Work Role Training Com Metrics
Change Resisted Valley of Death Leaders Overcome Fear, Ignorance, Den
Ignorance Fear Denial, Overcoming Walking Through Valley of Death, Br
Knowledge Worker Communication Manager
Luddites Last Bastion, Managers, Fear SDS
Change Resisted, Feared
Executives Resist Changing Methods
Loathe Change Valley of Death Overcoming Resistance to New Idea Chang
Scribe Com Manager Deliberates Organizational Memory Different Tasks

3617 -
361701 -    ..
361702 -   Luddites Resist Change, Frustrating, Don't Get Mad, Get Better
361703 -
361704 -   Andy suggests that people avoid becoming mindless Luddites who
361705 -   assume that because something is old, it is good, thus rejecting the
361706 -   argument against online books. ref SDS 0 2788  Reverence comes from
361707 -   the content, not the medium. ref DRT 1 6435
361708 -
361709 -   What's a Luddite?
361710 -
361711 -       [On 001219 Luddites resisted introduction of textile machinery
361712 -       in the early 1700s. ref SDS 40 MJ2P
361713 -
361714 -   Attitude, reported on 990505, ref SDS 10 4732, underlain by fear of
361715 -   accountability reported on 971017, ref SDS 6 1217, is the 800#
361716 -   gorrilla that keeps people from improving the work and saving money,
361717 -   reported on 991105. ref SDS 16 7308
361718 -   ..
361719 -   On 980307 Andy Grove noted successful executives loathe
361720 -   change, want others to change. ref SDS 8 4674
361721 -
361722 -   On 990527 strong cultural forces prevent engineers from using tools
361723 -   like online books to create the connections of cause and effect that
361724 -   converts information into knowledge. ref SDS 11 1233
361725 -
361726 -         [On 000420 Eric Armstrong reports the SRI "seed" team for the
361727 -         DKR likes email because fast and easier to use seduces people
361728 -         to avoid the hard work of creating the connections needed for
361729 -         useful knowledge. ref SDS 38 4911
361730 -
361731 -
361732 -
361733 -  ..
361734 - Scribes Transitioned World to Literacy
361735 - Knowledge Space Requires Knowledge Workers to Transition People
361736 -
361737 - On 000317 a solution was suggested to develop a new class of "scribes"
361738 - with "intelligence" skills to use tools and Knowledge Space.
361739 - ref SDS 34 0005
361740 -
361741 - Resistance to online books shows this is essential.  Transitioning
361742 - from documents to Knowledge Space will be long and difficult,
361743 - discussed in the letter on 000317. ref DIP 1 4761
361744 -
361745 - The skills of these new workers is using the tools and fashioning the
361746 - content that others feel there is not enough time to create, or who
361747 - fear the light knowledge, more than the darkness of ignorance.
361748 - ..
361749 - How, for example, can a DKR succeed if our titans of industry
361750 - are scurrying to destroy their intellectual capital in 45 days, as
361751 - reported on 991021. ref SDS 15 2695
361752 -
361753 -
361754 -
361755 -
361756 -
361757 -
361758 -
361759 -
361760 -